Water Turbine Designs Saanvi Kunisetty

 Water Turbine Designs

Saanvi Kunisetty

Pelton Water-Turbine Design:

In the Pelton Turbine design, the circumference of the wheel is surrounded by equally spaced cups that catch water. The water in the cup is split in half, and both halves are deflected out of the cup. The jets of water push against the cups, making the wheel start to rotate. This turbine works when jets of water enter at high velocities and with high pressure. This type of turbine is smooth-running and high speed, so it works in high-speed and low-volume water conditions.

Turgo Water-Turbine Design:

Jets of water strike the turbine blades in this design. A series of water jets strike the curved blades at an angle, and not perfectly tangent to the blades. The curved blades catch water, and hence, the blades start to rotate. A higher flow rate of water is allowed in this design, as water jets hit at an angle, and then leave at an angle instead of hindering the entrance of other water jets. Turgo turbines have a smaller diameter due to their higher flow rate, which allows them to rotate faster. Regardless, they aren’t that efficient.

Francis Water-Turbine Design:

The entire turbine in this design is submerged in the water, which is surrounded by pressurized casing. Water enters the casing through guided slots which flow directly to the turbine blades at the chosen angle. The water hits and glides over the curved blades, producing pressure, and causing the blades to rotate. The Francis turbine is good for adjustability as you can change the angle by changing the placement of the slots and vanes through which water flows. The turbine requires a large quantity of water.

Resources:

https://www.alternative-energy-tutorials.com/hydro-energy/water-turbine-design.html